Ground-based instruments

Ground-based instruments are as follows:

• European Incoherent Scater (EISCAT) radar
  PI: R. Fujii, S. Nozawa, Y. Ogawa (Nagoya Univ. STEL), H. Miyaoka, T. Aso (NIPR)
  See EISCAT radar page.
• Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) @ Skibotn & Kiruna
  The FPI is an instrument for deducing line-of-sight wind velocity and temperature in the region of aurora/airglow, with observing the emission passively. Equipment named "Fabry-Perot etalon" in the instruments is capable of spectroscopy of atmospheric emission with extremely high resolution in wavelength.
  The velocity and temperature is estimated from the Doppler shift and broadening of emission spectrum. The major advantage of the FPI measurement is directly observing neutral atmosphere dynamics in the mesosphere and thermosphere.
  PI: M. Kosch (Lancaster Univ.) Location: Skibotn
  PI: A. Aruliah (UCL) Location: Kiruna
• Multi-wavelengths photometer @ Tromsø
  A four-wavelengths photometer is automatically operating at Tromsø. This photometer is designed to detect auroral emissions at wavelengths of 427.8 nm, 630 nm, 670.5 nm and 844.6 nm. By taking ratios between some of these emissions, the average energy of precipitating electrons can be derived.
  PI: S. Nozawa (STEL)
• Sodium lidar @ ALOMAR
  A sodium lidar system is operating in the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmospheric Research (ALOMAR), which is a few kilometers away from Andøya Rocket Range. Narrowband sodium lidar is capable of measuring temperature and winds between 80 and 105 km for investigating dynamics in the mesopause region. Combining the sodium lidar and in-situ rocket measurement, this experiment provides continuous temperature profile over 80-150 km altitude range.
  PI: Colorado State Univ.
• MF radar @ ALOMAR
  MF (Medium Frequency) radar in ALOMAR will support the rocket experiment and measure the wind field (50-98 km) and electron density profile (70-90 km). Electromagnetic pulses are vertically radiated by the transmit antenna and after partial reflection on irregularities in the ionospheric D-region received by three spatial separated antennas.
  

Othrer ground-based instruments are:

• ASG(Aurora Spectrograph etc) @ Svalbard by T. Aso (NIPR), S. Okano (PPARC, Tohoku Univ.)
• Meteor radar NTMR (and NSMR) by T. Aso, M. Tsutsumi (NIPR), C. M. Hall (TGO) and EISCAT
• Aurora all-sky Imager etc @ Tromsø by H. Miyaoka and T. Aso (NIPR)
• ALIS monochromatic observation for Aurora Tomography by T. Aso (NIPR), U. Braendstroem et al. (IRF)
• All-sky imager @ Andøya, Skibotn, Tromsø
• Visible video @ Andøya
• Ionosonde @ Andøya, Tromsø
• Magnetometers